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The world of enterprise IT is experiencing a seismic shift that is both technical and cultural, according to a new report on “Future Systems” from Accenture . Companies need systems that are boundaryless, adaptable and radically human to thrive in a world of constant change and to be able to innovate at scale.

Many companies today are hindered by a patchwork of applications and talent trained for yesterday’s technology. At the same time, they find themselves surrounded by a rapidly evolving competitive playing field shaped by technology including practically infinite computing power; a nonstop flow of data and countless new uses of artificial intelligence and internet of things (IoT) technologies.

Noting that the current style of IT isn’t suited to constant and accelerating change, the report states that companies need to purposely evolve to approaches that are more experimental, agile and resilient. This requires totally new ways of thinking, working and innovating, with a workforce that adapts to the relentless pace of technology. Companies should no longer think of their applications, infrastructure and employees as discrete, standalone entities, but as interconnected, living systems.

“Companies are facing an achievement gap when it comes to innovation. They are investing in it and succeeding in pockets, but struggle to achieve repeatable success across their enterprise,” said Bhaskar Ghosh, group chief executive, Accenture Technology Services. “Instead, organizations need boundaryless, adaptable, radically human systems that allow them to innovate at scale while unlocking value currently trapped by legacy systems and processes. The result is future-ready systems formed by combining applications, data and infrastructure, along with talent strategies based on human plus machine collaboration and supported by an extensive ecosystem.”

The report identifies three fundamental characteristics of thriving future systems and the steps needed to achieve long-term success and transform the way we work and live:

Boundaryless. The conventional IT stack has reached its practical limit for fueling business innovation. Today’s emerging systems are breaking down barriers—within the IT stack, between companies, and between humans and machines—creating new space for innovation to solve significant business, consumer, and societal problems. Some simple first steps include establishing cloud as an enterprise-wide foundation to eradicate boundaries and applying decoupling techniques to remove dependencies across the IT stack.

Adaptable Adaptable systems minimize the friction that hinders a company’s ability to scale new innovations with speed. Using data and machine intelligence, these systems learn, improve and adapt by themselves, helping businesses thrive in the face of dynamically changing requirements and environments. Humans too are a critical component, collaborating with machines to make reliable decisions and take confident action faster. Making this collaboration truly effective starts with flexible, living architectures.

Radically humanTechnology interfaces are creating elegant and simple experiences that are centered around business and customer demands. Natural language processing, computer vision, voice recognition, smart hardware and visualization tools are enabling systems to talk, listen, see and understand the way people do. To achieve this, companies should start by designing systems that adjust to people—and stop expecting people to adjust to systems.

Cathay Pacific Airways and its rewards program, Asia Miles, is already moving toward boundaryless systems, using blockchain, microservices and cloud to eliminate friction in their customer loyalty program and create more direct connections with partners and program members. With the help of Accenture, Asia Miles can now launch more sophisticated campaigns and offers, attracting more partner merchants and members to the program. Members can earn points with their day-to-day spending more quickly and easily, increasing customer retention.

The Future Systems report names talent as the single most important investment companies can make to create thriving future systems. It requires reimagining talent strategies for the era of human-machine collaboration, continuous learning and new approaches to sourcing talent.

“Access to the right software engineering talent is arguably more valuable to companies today than financial capital,” said Adam Burden, chief software engineer at Accenture. “We are seeing an explosion in need for renaissance system engineers who truly understand business, are able to take diverse approaches for software development, and can creatively problem-solve to drive the business forward on innovation and profitability.”